Profession electrician. Training, necessary qualities
The variety of electrical appliances in the modernthe world is amazing. Their development does not stand still, the consumption of electric power grows annually. It is electricity that makes life easier for the hostess in the kitchen and allows you to spend the weekend at the TV. Electrical networks, from which the electrical equipment is powered, require timely technical inspection, which helps to prevent accidents on the line.
Profession history
The profession of an electrician appeared relatively recently. At the end of the nineteenth century, the first power plants began to appear and networks were laid. It was at this point and the need arose for personnel who could service these stations. With the development of electricity networks and the construction of all new stations, there is a demand for specialists in the field of electricity.
At present electricians are required practicallyat every enterprise. Organizations that deal with the maintenance of apartment buildings have an electrician in charge of their internal networks. In connection with the prevalence of the profession and the difficult work, the specialists have rather high requirements.
Requirements for electricians
The work of an electrician is very dangerous, so a personmust be considerate and responsible. These qualities will help not only to avoid accidents, but also to save lives. The responsibility of an electrician is borne not only for himself, but also for his colleagues. When carrying out repairs, warning signs are posted on the line, which can not be ignored.
Like any other technical specialistdirection, an electrician must have a technical mindset. This helps him to present the wiring diagram and quickly find the faulty item. The speed of reaction also plays an important role in this profession. A quick response can prevent an accident and reduce its consequences.
Care and accuracy are also included in the numberpersonal qualities that must be present at the electrician. The list goes on and on, but the above qualities are mandatory, since they affect not only the quality of work, but also help to avoid accidents.
Education of an electrician
You can get a profession of an electrician in the school orcollege. Higher educational institutions prepare electrical engineers, whose duties may include the design of new electrification networks or the development of existing networks. Each such educational institution, in the process of training, sends students to work practice, where they can obtain the necessary skills.
Employers prefer to hirespecialists with work experience. The ability to handle a special tool and to understand electrical equipment should be even a young specialist who has just graduated from an educational institution. That is why obtaining practical skills is an essential component of education.
To perform simple work on your ownthe company can finish the courses of electricians who give basic ideas about the operation of electrical equipment and the correctness of its connection. But the courses give little practical knowledge, so for the profession this is not enough.
Place of work
In the state of not even a very large enterprisethe post of the electrician is provided. Any factory or factory can not do without an electrician. It is in such organizations that most specialists are trained.
An electrical engineer with a higher education can count on a position at the plant, given the availability of a sufficient level of knowledge and experience. Also in such specialists need design organizations.
In addition, an electrician canbusiness and privately perform various repairs. Currently, there are quite a few private companies that perform the design and laying of networks for customers. In their state, as a rule, there are several electricians who perform work as part of several brigades. The quantity depends on the size of the enterprise.
Electrician duties
The duties of an electrician largely depend on his rank and place of work. But we can distinguish several responsibilities that are characteristic of this profession:
- maintenance and repair of electrical equipment and wiring;
- laying power cables and wiring;
- calculation of the required cross-section of power cables;
- drawing up of the scheme of power supply of the room;
- installation of electrical wiring and connection of new equipment;
- improvement of the wiring diagram when new capacities are connected.
The work of an electrician involves a permanentmonitoring of the state of electrical wiring and equipment without a reminder from the management. The duties of an employee of an enterprise can be expanded, but all the work that he must perform is prescribed in the job description. The electrician's instruction contains a list of all possible jobs that can be assigned to an employee holding a certain position and having the appropriate skill level.
Electric discharges
The discharge determines those jobs that canbe carried out by the employee. That is, the level of qualification of an electrician depends on the discharge. The larger the discharge, the more experienced the expert. To get a discharge, it is necessary to pass the refresher courses and take the exam, after which a document on the assignment of the discharge is issued.
The electrician of the first category can perform theA simple job and must own a special tool. Electricians of the second and third level have access to installations up to 1000 V. These specialists work in small enterprises or as part of a brigade in factories and large factories. An electrical engineer who has a fourth or fifth grade is considered to be a generalist, he can perform almost any electrical work or be a brigade commander. When you change the place of work, the discharge of the electrician is retained.
Medical restrictions
The profession of an electrician has serious enoughmedical restrictions, as some health problems can cause accidents. Electricians can not be people with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, which can cause disruption of coordination of movements. Also people with visual impairments who are not corrected by glasses or lenses are not allowed to work. Disturbances of the nervous system, some diseases of the heart and lungs can lead to unprofitability. The profession of an electrician also means work at altitude, so a sudden attack of asthma or epilepsy can cause an accident.
Remuneration and career growth
Discharges of electricians and their professional levelskills determine the level of wages. Career growth specialist also depends on the discharge. With an increase in the discharge to the fourth, an electrician at the enterprise can claim the position of foreman.
Labor remuneration also depends on the policyorganization, where the specialist works. In the case of an electrician working privately, payment is determined by the specialist independently and depends on his professionalism and the level of complexity of the work performed by him.
