Red book of the Vologda region: rare animals and plants

The Red Book of the Vologda Region was foundedMarch 29, 2004, by a government decree. This was done in order to ensure protection and removal from economic use in the territory of the region of animals and plants that are threatened with extinction and extinction. Behind their species, subspecies and populations observe and develop measures for their restoration and preservation.

The Red Book of the Vologda Region is not publishedless than once in a decade. The sequence of publication and distribution is established by the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection of the region in agreement with the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Nature Management.

What volumes consists of

The Red Book of the Vologda region is divided into sections and groups of objects of animal and plant life. It consists of several volumes:

• Volume one is about territories that require special protection.
• Volume two is about plants and mushrooms.
• Volume three - about animals.

Each of them contains lists of those who have already disappearedspecies and still only under threat of extinction. Dangerous reduction in abundance or distribution, as well as deterioration in the conditions of existence of a rare type of animal, plant, poultry, serve as a basis for its inclusion in the book and immediate measures for its restoration and protection. To date, only two volumes have been published: the second and the third. Print of the first volume is scheduled after the boundaries of the protected areas are specified.

Representatives of

The Red Book of the Vologda Region is a reference book, which includes:

• Plants and fungi - 294 species (bryophytes, vascular, algae, lichens, fungi).
• Animals - 153 species (arthropods, mollusks, bony fishes, lamprey, amphibians, reptiles, and also mammals and birds).

Must be registered in the Red Bookareas of plants and animals that are included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, namely those that inhabit the territory of the Vologda region. There are only 45 registered species. They are under strict control, and their protection is provided, if necessary.

Categories

Animals and plants of the Red Book of the Vologda region, photos of which can be seen on its pages, are all without exception listed in the categories. There are only five:

1. Type of creatures that die out and require prompt intervention to protect them and restore them.

2. Vulnerable species that reduce their numbers in the Vologda region.

3. Rare species.

4. Not defined by status.

5. Zero category. It already records the extinct species. In nature they are no longer met, but the Red Book of the Vologda region tells about them. Animals (photos are given in the article), birds, plants, insects, all kinds of mushrooms can be studied in detail in the handbook if desired.

Fauna

The fauna of the region is rich in diversemammals, there are 48 species. Here is not a complete list of animals listed in the Red Book: muskrat, bats (brown cough, red evening, small evening, pond snake and others), forest lemmings, voles, garden sodas, and also reindeer.

Bison

The largest forest mammal is the bison. The mass of his body (mainly in males) reaches thousands of kilograms. The height of the adult is about two meters. Wool grows more on the front of the body than on the back. Color - brownish-brown or gray-brown. The bison diet includes leaves, tree bark, young shoots. It moves quite easily and quickly, despite the powerful physique. The favorite occupation of this large animal is skating in the mud, but it does not take mud baths, like, for example, a boar. In the Vologda region bison appeared in 1991.

Elk

Also, the moose is a large mammal. In the Vologda region, these animals can be found everywhere - near forest rivers, marshes and lakes, where there are many shrubs and aspens. This beautiful animal weighing almost five hundred kilograms has a length of three meters and a height of two meters. You can learn the moose by its powerful constitution, short neck and big horns (in the male), and also on strong legs. The coat of this animal is coarse, long and rather thick.

The Red Book includes a huge numberanimals, and it is simply impossible to list all. These animals die through the fault of man. It is we who create environmentally polluted environment for their dwelling. We cut down forests, dried rivers and lakes, we hunt them.

The Red Book of the Vologda Region: birds

On the pages of the directory you can see suchbirds, like red-throated and black-throated loons (these are migratory birds). They live in pairs in reservoirs and lakes, where there is a lot of fish. They build their nests almost at the very water, usually two eggs are laid. Sit them and the female and male. Wherever a large number of people, ducks do not live. Recently, the nests are getting smaller, they are no longer found in the usual places.

Red-necked, black-necked and gray-cheeked toadstools -this is also migratory birds. They only live on lakes. Several pairs of birds nest on one lake. This is a fairly rare species, and there is very little data on these birds. They feed on only fish and insects in large quantities.

Also the directory includes a large and small bittern,black stork, geese, swans, osprey, kites, eagles and golden eagles, quails and cranes. It even has larks and owls, hawks and thrushes. Birds are the richest class of vertebrates of terrestrial animals. In the Vologda region there are 264 species. Sixty-one species of birds are listed in the Red Book.

Enviroment protection

The fauna of the Vologda region is very rich andhas its own characteristics. This is evidenced by its geographical location and climate. There is evidence that more than fifteen thousand invertebrate species and about five hundred vertebrate species live on the territory of the region. This river and Japanese lamprey, sturgeon Russian, sterlet, nelma, Siberian vendace, comb-like newt, green toad, snakes and so on. Every year the indicators of the number of these species are getting smaller.

Everyone knows that our wildlife needs protection. All mankind must take measures to restore it, otherwise it can happen irreparable.

Red book of the Vologda region: plants

It was so, that the man had to dig upland to feed themselves, cut down forests and build villages and cities, destroying rare plants of their land. Flora of the planet from this very affected, resulting in thousands of species of different plants are threatened with extinction. Every year the Red Book is replenished with ever larger kinds of grasses and trees. Examples of rare plants: Venus shoe, medinitsa, arborescent juniper, cuckoo, orchis shlemonosny, nizborodnik beadless, calypso bulbous. You can also note the medicinal plants listed in the Book, such as adonis spring, oak ordinary, blackberry sizaya, medicinal, immortelle, and others.

Instead of concluding

Summing up, we can say that absolutely everythingplants and animals of the Red Book of the Vologda region need protection and restoration. And humanity needs to learn to live next to them, not bringing them any harm, without polluting the lakes and rivers.