Katunsky Reserve. Katun Biosphere Reserve

The Altai Territory is the beauty and pride of Russia. Its name comes from the Mongolian word "Altyn", which means "golden." Its archaeological sites and reserves have by rights become one of the best excursion routes of Altai. Medicinal plants, mineral springs, curative air - a magnificent natural complex, which has no analogues in Russia.

The Katunsky Reserve with its diverse flora andThe fauna has long been the object of close attention. VP Semenov-Tian-Shansky at the beginning of the 20th century suggested that such a territory should become a reserve. Waterfalls and snow-white peaks served as a source of inspiration for the philosopher-artist N. K. Roerich.

Where is the reserve?

The Katun Reserve is located in theAlpine part of the Altai Republic (Ust-Koksinsky region). There dominates the continental climate, which entails heavy precipitation in the fall and spring. Hot arid summer and severe frosty winter. The whole territory of the reserve is located on the southern slope of the Katun Ridge.

In this area, two sites are included in the World Natural Heritage List. This is the Katunsky Biosphere Reserve itself and Belukha Mountain. It is the most beautiful corner of Altai and the highest point of Siberia. From the Belukha mountain originates the Katun River.

The main manor of the reserve, wheremuseum, is located in the village of Ust-Koksa. The log-built octagonal house is the traditional home of the Altaians. Bright exposition of household items, musical instruments, weapons. Ethnic Museum - an amazing in its beauty spectacle.

Reserves of Altai

The Altai Republic is the keeper of architecturalmonuments of various eras dating back to the Neolithic period. There are places in this territory that have not been touched by civilization. The magnificence of the slopes, glaciers, lakes and waterfalls is amazing with its beauty. Golden root, panty, mummy and propolis from mountain apiaries - these ecologically pure products can be found only in the Altai Territory. They have a natural origin and medicinal properties.

It is believed that the mythical country of Shambhala,surrounded by 9 mountains, is located right here. Altai is the birthplace of all Turkic peoples. Kurgan, soil burial grounds of ancient settlements can be found throughout the republic. There are religious buildings of Muslims, Buddhists, Old Believers, pagans.

List of reserves Altai Territory includes 3 reserves - Tigirek, Altai, Katun. They are specially protected natural areas.

Tigirek nature reserve

It is located in the south of the Altai Territory. Located on the territory of Tretyakov, Krasnoshchekovsky, Zmeinogorsky district. In 2012, a documentary about the Tigirek Reserve, its work and research activities was released. Reserves of mountainous Altai participate in the program "Chronicle of nature". Since 2004, the Tigirek Reserve has conducted environmental monitoring. It turned out that some species of butterflies exist only in this reserve.

Altai Reserve

Located on the right bank of the Teletskoye Lake, the riverChulyshman. This is the north-eastern part of the republic. It occupies the territory of Ulagan and Turachak District. Includes a part of the water area of ​​the Teletskoye Lake, known for its cleanliness. State natural reserves can not boast of such biological diversity as the Altai Reserve. He preserves and studies the genetic fund of animals and plants on his territory.

Katun Nature Reserve

It is located in the Ust-Koksinsky district. Reservoirs reservoirs belong to one basin. The Katun River entirely ruled the Katun Reserve. Here is the most powerful Siberian center of glaciation. The total area of ​​glaciers is slightly more than 900 square meters. The Biosphere Reserve is an inviolable territory, which is designed to preserve the ecological balance. In connection with the development of industry (minerals, logging) and the testing of weapons (biological, chemical, nuclear, hydrogen), some species of flora and fauna of the world have disappeared. Therefore, biosphere reserves are the standards of the Earth's ecosystems. It is they who preserve a fragile ecological balance.

Biosphere Reserve - what is it?

In 2000, the Katunsky Reserve received the status ofbiospheric. In one global network, the UNESCO organization united all nature reserves. This is 564 biosphere national reserves. They are all objects of international importance.

Biosphere Reserve is a protected areaterritory, on the basis of which there is a constant scientific research work. The main goal is to preserve the natural appearance of ecosystems and landscapes. Biosphere reserves are created on the basis of natural reserves, parks and meet certain requirements. They have to:

• to be the standard of the nature of a certain locality.
• To have rare species of flora, fauna or unique ecosystem, complexes on its territory.
• To be a reference point for conducting work, assessing the change in natural complexes, the biosphere.
• Have an appropriate basis for the protection and conduct of research work.

Types of reserves

If a section of water or terrestrial spaceThey are withdrawn from economic use, flora and fauna are completely preserved there. Such a territory becomes a reserve. Scientific research is conducted in the reserves. State natural reserves are an ecological, cultural heritage and have a strict system of protection.

There are many kinds of reservations. All of them are subdivided into natural and artificially created objects. The main objectives of the reserve - the conservation of ecosystems, natural complexes in the most natural form, their study.

Artificial objects - this:

1. Zoological gardens.
2. Dendrological parks.
3. Botanical gardens.
4. Monuments of landscape art.

Natural objects - this:

1. Biosphere reserves.
2. National nature parks.
3. Reserves.
4. Natural reserves.
5. Landscaped parks.
6. Monuments of nature.
7. Protected areas.

Rules of conduct in the reserve

Katunsky reserve is a protected nature reserve. Around its inviolable ecological core is a buffer zone and a cooperation zone. Only there excursions and tourist routes are possible. Only there is a territory for travel and scientific work of people. The essence of the core of the reserve is the preservation of an ecologically clean biosphere. There are certain rules for visiting a world-class reserve. Such as the Katunsky Reserve.

• All routes are laid on a certain path. Should not go with her. All parking and overnight stays - in strictly designated areas.
• Set fires only in the places provided by the parking lot.
• It is forbidden to cut trees, shrubs. Use dead wood for breeding fires, setting tents.
• All trash is burned in bonfires. Metal objects, preliminarily calcined on the fire, leave in specially designated places.
• It is forbidden to pluck branches and flowers, hunt, fish.
• Do not create a strong sound background, do not make noise on the territory.
• For photo and video, permission from the reserve administration is required.
• Passage of motor transport, water transport is carried out by passes. They are issued by the administration in the village of Ust-Koks, in the central manor.

History of creation

Katunsky reserve was created on June 25, 1991. At first it had the status of a state nature reserve with an area of ​​151,664 ha. And only in January 2000 he received the status of a biosphere reserve.

Altai region is famous for its many culturespeoples, religions, concentrated on its territory. In the Ust-Koksinsky district there are unique archaeological monuments. These are cave paintings, “stone women”, mounds of the Pazyryk and Hun-Sarmatian eras. In the area there is a museum dedicated entirely to the culture of the Old Believers.

The famous artist N. K. Roerich created his unforgettable canvases inspired by the beauty of the region. Tourist routes of his fans pass through the places of residence, the work of the philosopher. Including on the territory of the reserve.

Flora and fauna

On the territory of the Katunsky Reserve there are animals, plants listed in the Red Book of Russia.

Flora. Steppes and meadows are replaced by deciduous and coniferousforests. The abundance of medicinal herbs, cedar forests makes this region picturesque and healing. Plant species: steppe peony and Altai rhubarb, Siberian barberry and small Pearberry; raspberry, honeysuckle, Kirilov sedge; larch, birch, mountain ash, spruce; willow trees, alpine meadows, shrubs from Kuril tea; dwarf and Altai onions, feathery feather grass, Rhodiola rosea, Siberian kandyk.

Fauna. Forest animals - elk, musk deer, white hare, maral. Fur - squirrel, sable, chipmunk. Predators - bear, wolverine, weasel, ermine, lynx, American mink, snow leopard. The Siberian mountain goat lives in the highlands. The birds are mountain snipe, grouse, snipe, tundra and white partridge, eagle owl, black stork, Altai snowcock, Saker falcon, peregrine falcon. Fish - grayling, Siberian gudgeon, common burbot, loach, bullhead. Snakes - steppe and common viper, patterned snake, moth. Lizards, green toad, moor frog.

Tourist routes

Excursion tourist tours are designed fordifferent types of recreation. For the family route, simpler ways are prepared that do not cause difficulties. Extreme tours are designed for active recreation, are held on high mountain lakes, slopes.

During the tour it is allowed to take pictures,videotape animals, nature. The tour includes horse riding, overnight stay with a sauna, traditional cuisine. In the autumn period fishing on taimen, grayling is possible. Katunsky Biosphere Reserve has several alpine apiaries. There you can try mead and honey, get acquainted with the work of beekeepers.

"The Kingdom of the Blue Lakes". The tourist route lasts 12 days. For lovers of outdoor activities and hiking trips are planned to conquer the snow pass. A tour of the high spurs of the Katunsky ridge to the cascade of the Multinsky lakes.

"Belovodie". The tourist route lasts 6 days. Visiting waterfalls, Multinsky lakes. This is a trip for the whole family.

"Multinsky ring." The tourist route lasts 8 days. The tour includes a visit to the mountain waterfalls, lakes. Visiting the Museum of Old Believers and the museum N.K. Roerich in the village of Upper Uimon. Travel for the whole family.

"Christmas in the kingdom of snow." The tourist route lasts 5 days. Excursion to the foot of the Katunsky ridge. This is a winter snowmobile tour with a visit to the highland lakes.