Mechanical jaundice: causes and symptoms of the disease

Mechanical jaundice is a very serious condition,which is characterized by pathological changes in the tissues of the liver. In this condition, the outflow of bile from the bile duct is disturbed, as a result of which it partially penetrates the lymphatic and bloodstream, causing changes in the entire body.

Mechanical jaundice: its causes and course.

In most cases, mechanical jaundiceis the result of the development of malignant tumors and tumors. Less often, this condition develops with cholelithiasis. Biliary tract compression can occur with congenital anatomical pathology, the presence of a scarring process, as well as in pancreatic cancer, cholangitis, duodenal diseases.

When violation of the patency of the bile duct bileThe capillaries begin to expand, which leads to its penetration into the lymphatic system. As the disease develops, necrosis of hepatocytes begins. In addition, bile elements penetrate the nervous system, the kidneys, the heart, causing headaches, dizziness, impaired renal function, angina pectoris, bradycardia and other concomitant diseases.

Mechanical jaundice: symptoms.

The brightest symptom of mechanical jaundiceis a change in the color of the skin, resulting in the skin and sclera of the eye acquires an atypical yellowish color. In most cases, the temperature of a sick person rises to 39 and sometimes 40 degrees. Urine becomes saturated color, while the stool, on the contrary, discolores.

In this condition, bile practically does not fall intointestines, which makes it impossible to assimilate vitamin K. This is why small bleeds begin in the patient's body, bruises and bruises appear. Patients also complain of constant itching.

As for the pain syndrome, hislocalization depends on the cause of jaundice development, the presence and location of the tumor. The most common acute painful spasm occurs on the right side, in the hypochondrium, and then moves, giving into the scapula and axillary region.

The liver with jaundice is usually increased. With her palpation, the patient feels severe pain, and sometimes instinctively holds her breath.

Mechanical jaundice and methods of its diagnosis.

It is worthwhile to understand that only a doctor should diagnose such a disease. To begin with, he should familiarize himself with the patient's complaints, and then conduct an external examination.

In addition, a patient with a potential diseasedesignate a number of studies. It is necessary to conduct a blood test for the content of bilirubin, which is significantly increased with mechanical jaundice. In addition, there are a variety of specific studies that can determine the cause of the disease and prescribe appropriate treatment.

Mechanical jaundice: treatment.

The method of treatment can be determined only by a doctor andonly after it finds out the cause of the disease. As a rule, with mechanical jaundice, surgical intervention is necessary. If the cause of everything is cholelithiasis, during the operation the doctors remove the stones and normalize the outflow of bile. In some cases, partial excision of the damaged duct is necessary, followed by the joining of free ends.

If the cause of jaundice is an infection, the doctors prescribe the appropriate antibacterial, antifungal or antiviral treatment. In some cases, liver resection is performed.

After surgery, a sick person needsspecial gentle diet, peace of mind and care. If, during the development of jaundice, other organ systems other than the liver were damaged, then special therapy is necessary, which allows eliminating the accompanying diseases. If mechanical jaundice is the result of tumor growth, further oncology should be treated by an oncologist.