Structure and size of the frame for the hive
Technological development leaves no chance forpreserving established traditions. Modernization with the aim of increasing the volume and quality of manufactured products is becoming a key task for participants in industrial and agricultural enterprises. Nevertheless, there are exceptions - the approaches to the technical organization of bee apiaries are still true to the concepts that have evolved 100 years ago. The adherence to the developed sizes of the framework for hives confirms this, although progress in this niche does not stand still.
Functions and frame configurations
The value of the frame in the hive can be compared with the enginein the car. This is the core of the body and the main field for the production of honey. The number of frames in the hive is usually calculated based on the overall design of the "house" and may vary. But especially important is the size of the frame for the hive, which determines the quality of the organization of labor of the bees themselves.
The surface of the frame must have a wax base.for families to start making honey. The quality and effectiveness of this process is affected by the joints, working area, nuances of care and maintenance of the hive.
According to the location of the frame are divided into vertical and horizontal - the so-called beds and risers. Features of the two configurations are the basis for calculating the number of frames and their parameters.
The size of the hive
Adequate nest space for developmentbee colonies is the main condition for the success of beekeeping. Properly chosen sizes of the framework for hives allow us to foresee not only the current stock of the area, but also leave space for further growth of pollen volumes and weep moths. A close hive will not allow creating conditions for such development and can only be effective in special beekeeping farms.
Already noted two types of designs bee"Houses". Sun loungers allow you to initially create the necessary supply of space, while in the risers the backup space is increased additionally. Depending on the size of the frame used for the hive, beekeepers transfer the brood to the store from 1 to 3 times, placing a new wax in the nests. To prevent an increase in swarm sentiments, such operations should be performed in a timely manner.
Optimal size
Of course, we can not talk about common and commonparameters for the design of the hive, but a number of criteria for calculating the optimal data in specific cases is still worth noting. The initial information to determine the size of the frame for the hive is based on the following criteria:
- the number of brood;
- the amount of honey planned;
- the volume of the planned perga;
- location for young bees;
- platform for processing nectar.
In addition, individualcharacteristics of the site where the apiary is located. In some cases, the size of the framework for hives varies due to the nature of the maintenance of the apiary. A common example is the approach to the organization of the cleaning process - the presence of a removable bottom, for example, eliminates the need to remove the framework.
Dadan Blunt Standard
The listed criteria for selecting a size notshould be considered as information to create a unique hive. In any case, the constructions now used in professional and amateur apiaries have completely unified characteristics. Another thing is that the standards themselves are many.
The most popular design is consideredDadana-Blunt, which defined the parameters of the hives for many years, and also became the basis for the calculation of other formats. Today, the size of the frame of the hive Dadan is also the starting point in the search for the best solution for arranging private apiaries. So, the length of the upper and lower bars is 435 mm, and height - 300 mm. But it is important to consider that for ease of use and reliability of the design of the hive, it is possible to increase the outer part of the bar. Here, each beekeeper selects the degree of capacity to fit his needs - usually 5-10 cm.
Variations of sizes
In addition to the differences in the principles of hives,Each frame format implies several versions. But it often refers to the height of the slats, and their length remains the same - 435 mm. With respect to other indicators, deviations are quite risky — again, experience with bees, which casts doubt on experiments, has an effect. This is the case when modern technologies are inferior to the long-term experience of business participants. However, the introduction of new materials for the framework also should not be excluded.
The minimum allowable frame size for the hiveheight is 145 mm. Such elements are called semi-frames for a store and an extension. By the way, the store is a place to collect the finished honey. 230 mm is considered to be an average height. This format is extended to the components of multihull hives. The same Dadan standard is considered optimal, the corresponding 300 mm - full or nested standard frame.
Size in multicase hive
Along with the described size formultibody designs apply other options. They mainly come from the Langstroth-Ruta model, on the basis of which the hive with several buildings was designed. In this case, only the configuration of the “box” is standardized, while their number and installation methods may vary.
The length of the frame frame multicase hive are similarwith the parameters of Dadan, but they differ in height. A size of 230 mm is usually applied. Allowed and the combination of hives with different designs - extensions, shops and frames with proper information allow you to effectively plan a place to further increase the number of bee colonies.
German size
In Germany, beehives with non-standardparameters. This complicates the operation in Russian beekeeping farms, but the advantages of Western models are indisputable and compensate for all related difficulties.
The classic size of the framework in the German hives can beSubmit as a format 370x233 mm. Such designs are easier to use, practically free from technical flaws affecting the living conditions of the bees, and also have a more civilized look. Among the downsides, again, there are problems of introducing into domestic farms - it is necessary to refine the hive under the honey extract and foundation. As a rule, beekeepers face similar difficulties when it is necessary to transfer families from the hives of the models of Ruth and Dadan.
Other sizes
The use of a specific size beeThe framework is determined by the region in which the apiary is located. For this reason, technologists are developing new standards specifically for specific climatic conditions.
So, along with the traditional formats appeartheir versions with reduced or increased size. At the same time, the basis for the initial indicators is not only the dimensions of the frame of the Dadanov hive, but also the format of Langstroth-Ruta. The modifications include: Zander frame (width - 420 mm, and height - 220 mm), Holtz hive, (250x330 mm), as well as an increased Langstroth size (448x232 mm).
In general, the world beekeeping industryseeks to unify the existing frame sizes, against the background of which there is also a rejection of additional functions in hives. For example, constructions get rid of windows, openings for cleaning the bottom, obstacles that prevent bees from sprawling during the inspection, etc. There is also the opposite tendency, aimed at complicating the framework at the expense of insulating materials for insulation.
