International labor migration and its role in the distribution of labor resources in the world

All of us have heard of labor migration, whenpeople from poor countries are deported to a more developed country for the purpose of earning money. Such a process on a world scale was called "international labor migration". Since this process has been going on for more than a hundred years, many economists, when calculating certain GDP indicators of a particular country, necessarily take into account the labor reserves of non-resident citizens.

In general, labor resources arethe most important factor in the production process, which is characterized by high mobility and extreme flexibility. The fact is that people have always sought to find places where accommodation will be more comfortable, and wages for the work done are more worthy. That is why international labor migration mainly occurs in highly developed countries. A high standard of living and income (compared to other countries) provides these states with a steady influx of fresh hands.

It should be noted that in most casesimmigrants who are on the territory of a foreign state, work in low-paid industries, as well as in the construction and service industries. This is due to the fact that citizens of a developed state in the vast majority receive higher education and try to get a job in high positions in large corporations and firms. Thus, the lack of workers' hands is observed exclusively in dirty and harmful jobs, where immigrants come mainly.

International labor migration fulfillsan important role in ensuring the overall production process of any country, so it will always exist. Our legislative base allows Russian citizens to leave the country for earnings abroad, and all this can be formalized. However, many of our compatriots leave to seek happiness abroad and unofficially, so today it is impossible to name the exact number of Russians working in other countries. Only according to unofficial data to date, about 10 million of its citizens work outside the territory of the Russian Federation.

However, international labor migrationincludes the transfer of highly skilled workers, which include scientists, researchers, musicians, programmers, etc. In this connection, the "brain drain" process has been observed for the third decade, when the best specialists leave Russia forever, moving to live in the USA, Canada and the Western Europe. For the state, there is nothing good in this, but everyone has the full right to decide independently where to live and work. For this reason, the international labor force is in constant flux.

In most of the market quite quicklyreacts to the lack of workers in one or another industry, which is replenished immediately if not by Russians, then by emigrants. Each of us saw on the domestic construction sites of Tajiks and Uzbeks, who in Russia erect houses of individual developers. In some respects such migration can adversely affect the situation with local residents, who sometimes can not find a job. However, on the other hand, the majority of foreign workers perform work that does not require high qualification.

The reasons for international labor migration include the following:

- low level of economic development of the country;

- low social security of citizens;

- Low level of salary;

- instability and instability of the political regime.

It should be noted that labor migrationplays an important role in the distribution of labor resources throughout the world. Thanks to this, the poorer sections of the population can afford to live a little better, while a richer society willingly takes advantage of the services provided by immigrants.