Actor Anatoly Solonitsyn: biography, filmography and personal life

Anatoly Solonitsyn - wonderful and veryknown actor of Soviet cinema. He starred in films that entered the Golden Fund of Cinematography of the USSR. An incredibly talented, always creative artist was filmed by the most celebrated, eminent and cult directors of the time.

He worked with Alov and Naumov, Abdrashidov, Gubenko and Zarkhi, Mikhalkov and Larisa Shepitko, Gerasimov and Panfilov. Few actors can boast of this.

Wonderful great-grandfather

Anotolius Solonitsyn was born in 1934 ina small town Belgorod, that in the Gorky region. The genus of Solonnichesky is represented by several generations of the Russian intelligentsia. Great-grandfather - Zakhar Solonitsin - was called "Vetluzhsky chronicler", after him there were several books left. His self-portrait, painted in oil on canvas, also survived. He was not only a chronicler, but also a Bogomaz, that is, an icon painter, and quite "noble".

For free thoughts about the need for reconstructionstates, with which he shared with his friend, who left for Paris, Zakhar Solonitsin was expelled from the monastery. The founder of the repair of Zotovo, he went every day to the church in Tanshaevo along the road that he had himself cut through in the forest, which was preserved and is called in the people "Zakharova trail".

The following representatives of the dynasty of intellectuals

An unusual person was his son - a rural doctorFyodor Solonitsyn. Not every provincial doctor is admitted to the New York hypnotic society. The doctor, who had a rare gift of treating people through hypnosis, died at the age of 45, saving fellow villagers from typhus. All the representatives of a powerful family, like Anatoly Solonitsyn himself, were ascetics: completely giving themselves over to their favorite business, they did not spare themselves in the least. The father of an excellent performer of the role of Andrei Rublev in the far 50s worked as the editor of the newspaper Bogorodskaya Pravda, then he was noticed by the talent, and he became the executive secretary of the newspaper Gorkovskaya Pravda, and then the correspondent of Izvestia.

The first steps in the actor's field

Anatoly Solonitsyn was born Otto.In those years, children were often called foreign names: internationalism was popular. But the future of the famous artist was named specifically in honor of Otto Schmidt, the head of the polar expedition. And then the German names were associated with the Hitlerites, and the boy asked to be called Anatoly, although in the passport he remained forever Otto.

Anatoly was carried away with artistic amateur performancein the city of Frunze, where my father was transferred. Despite the fact that the boy had a technical school and a specialty as a metalworker behind the shoulders, in the new city Anatoly goes to the 9th form and is actively engaged in the theatrical circle. And so nice it turned out that he was invited to perform at various institutions of the city. And the dream of becoming an actor is growing stronger.

Sverdlovsk Alma Mater and the beginning of professional activity

When you read about what the greatest artists are notwent to prestigious metropolitan theatrical universities with the verdict "profneprigodnost", then you start to wonder about the competence of the admissions committee. After all, three times rejected by her, Solonitsyn Anatoly Alekseevich literally a few years later he himself gave lessons of mastery to students. The third unsuccessful attempt to enter GITIS forced Solonitsyn to go to Sverdlovsk. In order not to lose another year, Anatoly Alexeevich successfully passes the exams to the studio at the Sverdlovsk Drama Theater, which has just opened. After its termination, the actor remains in the Sverdlovsk theater.

Here, in this city, he gets his first,but the main role in the short film is Gleb Panfilov. The film "The Case of Kurt Clausewitz" was the debut of a young director of the Sverdlovsk Film Studio. It so happened that the first director met by the actor Anatoly Solonitsyn was the wonderful Gleb Panfilov.

On the way to the star role

And the main thing in the creative fate of the actor was AndrewTarkovsky. Anatoly Alekseevich for the sake of an interesting role, without hesitation, changed cities and theaters. In those years, the thick magazine Art of Cinema, in which scenarios were printed monthly, was published. Solonitsyn read Andrei Rublev and rushed to Moscow. He felt that he could and should play this role. His unusual and appropriate appearance in this case, and his talent so strongly convinced Tarkovsky of the need to film him, and not the already approved Stanislava Lyubshin, that the director went against all artistic advice.

In order to dispel the last doubts inthe correctness of the choice, Andrei Tarkovsky turned to experts on Old Russian art with the question of which of the twenty actors whose photos he provided most of all, in their opinion, corresponds to the image of Andrei Rublev. The answer was unanimous - Anatoly Solonitsyn. His filmography, numbering 46 beautiful works by the end of his life, was crowned by this second, unsurpassed, sweat by no other movie player.

Work with A. Tarkovsky

The film was released in 1966 and brought Solonitsynuworldwide fame. Andrei Tarkovsky as the best foreign filmmaker was awarded the Finnish film award "Jussi". It has already been noted that the actor had no bad, failed roles - he was very talented and obsessed with the profession. But on the memorial boards and on the gravestone Solonitsyn is depicted in the image of Andrei Rublev. Work on this role has changed the artist's views on many things, including religion. For the director, he became a kind of talisman - Anatoly Alekseevich later starred in all his films, except for “Nostalgia”, in which Oleg Yankovsky played the main role due to the fatal illness of Solonitsyn. Even in “The Mirror,” the actor was engaged in a specially made up for him role of a Walker. We must separately note the work in the films of his idol. He created the unforgettable images of Dr. Sartorius in the film "Solaris" (1972) and the Writer in "Stalker" (1979).

Favorite writer

Solonitsyn lived a short life - he was only47 years old. He was a very decent, loyal, honest man, an excellent partner, a good girl with a wonderful sense of humor, a real, in Chekhov's interpretation of the word, a Russian intellectual. His favorite writer was Dostoevsky. In order to play the role of the author in the failed film adaptation of "Idiot", the artist was ready to do plastic surgery.

When Tarkovsky asked him whom he would bethen portray with the face of Fyodor Mikhailovich, Solonitsyn replied that later, after this role, he would have no one to play and no need. And in 1980 he really played the beloved classic in the film “26 Days in the Life of Dostoevsky,” directed by Alexander Zarkhi. The role brought him the Silver Bear on the Berlinale.

Theatrical stage

Anatoly Solonitsyn, whose biography is sharpchanged after the role of Andrei Rublev and acquaintance with Andrei Tarkovsky, becoming, in essence, a film actor. His last theatrical role was Hamlet, staged on the Lenkom stage by the same Andrei Tarkovsky. Solonitsyn played this role in December 1976. He served in the drama theaters of Moscow, Leningrad, Sverdlovsk, Minsk, Novosibirsk and Tallinn. And on the stage he created several unforgettable images. In addition to the aforementioned Hamlet, theatrical event was the role in the play by Leonid Andreev “The One Who Receives Slaps”, staged by Arseny Sagalchik. For her, A. Solonitsyn temporarily moved to Tallinn.

Work with other directors

In the cinema, the best were his works by Gleb Panfilov.in the film “There is no ford in fire” and in Nikita Mikhalkov in the film “Own among strangers”. He played remarkably well in Larisa Shepitko in Ascension and in Alexey German in Checking on the Roads.

Beautiful were his roles in "Pansyroad "and Gerasimovskim" To love a man. " A separate niche is his work in the film Vladimir Shamshurin "In the azure steppe", filmed in 1969. The point is not that he remarkably played the role of the Cossack Ignat Kramskoy, but that during the shooting of this picture he contracted pneumonia. Being obsessed with work, Anatoly Alekseevich continued to act without being treated, which subsequently led to tragic events - lung cancer.

Last significant role

Actor Anatoly Solonitsyn, whose biography is inthese years were filled with love and love, their health did not pay much attention. About the degree of neglect of the disease learned by chance. In 1981, he starred in V. Abdrashidov in the film "Stopped the train." In the story of his hero journalist Malinin riding a horse. The actor, not having restrained himself in the saddle, severely bruised his chest when falling. In the hospital, on examination, they detect lung cancer, and at the First Medical Institute, where the actor was rushed, they found that metastases had already spread to the spine, and the process cannot be stopped. Work in this film is the last significant movie. In the same 1981 A. Sodonitsyn received the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR.

Disease and death

The disease was greatly complicated by the news thatthe film "Nostalgia" his idol is already shooting in Italy, and the desired role given to Oleg Yankovsky. Moreover, A. Tarkovsky did not find the strength or time to say goodbye to his dying "talisman", although he lived in close proximity. Anatoly Alekseevich ordered to remove the portrait of Tarkovsky from the wall. There is a proverb that a person who has betrayed a friend, without hesitation, will betray his homeland.

But, obviously, certain creative personalitiesare above concepts like loyalty and betrayal. The actor's illness began to progress, but he died instantly, without experiencing terrible pains - he choked porridge, which he was fed by the nurse. The actor was buried at the Vagankovo ​​cemetery.

Personal life

In the summer of 1982, brilliant Anatoly passed away.Solonitsyn. The personal life of the actor was no less saturated than creative. Anatoly Alekseevich was married three times. In the second marriage, the actor had a daughter, Larissa, who has been working as director of the Cinema Museum since 2014. Son Alex, born in the third marriage, at first did not follow in the footsteps of his father. But now he works in the film industry. So creative dynasty continues. The fate of Anatoly Alekseevich is remarkably described in the work of his younger brother, writer Alexei Solonitsyn, which is called The Story of an Older Brother.