Hypervitaminosis D: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment

Some diseases develop in the first years after birth and leave a trace for life. That is why special attention should be paid to the health of children.

Increase the level of vitamin D in the body

The health problem that got the name"hypervitaminosis D", is the intoxication of the body with vitamin D, which occurs under various circumstances. In this case, the reaction to an increase in the level of a similar vitamin in the body may be different.

Excess of vitamin D in children

Does hypervitaminosis occur in children? With normal metabolism and nutrition, as well as a sufficient level of exposure to sunlight on the skin, vitamin D is formed in the required amount, and children do not have problems. However, in some cases, doctors prescribe treatment for children, which provides for the additional use of this vitamin, often through various medicinal complexes. A similar decision is made when examining children up to a year and revealing some pathologies that lead to:

1. Deformities of the skull.
2. Curvature of the legs and spine.
3. Other manifestations of rickets.

Incorrectly prescribed treatment can lead tothat the child will have hypervitaminosis of vitamin D. This situation can arise for many reasons. Therefore, when vitamin complexes are prescribed, the level of vitamin D in a child is checked during the course of treatment.

Spasmophilia

What can lead hypervitaminosis D? Spasmophilia is a disease that develops against the backdrop of progression of rickets. Features of this disease can be called:

1. Propensity to convulsions.
2. Manifestation of increased excitability of the neuro-reflex type.

Causes are the formation of a largethe amount of vitamin D for prolonged exposure to sunlight. The disease is to a large extent manifested in the spring. The causes of the appearance of symptoms include:

1. The deposition of excess calcium in the bones, which reduces its amount in the blood.
2. Vitamin D increases the activity of the kidneys, which begin to absorb excess phosphate, and this leads to the development of alkalosis.
3. Calcium is a substance that participates in transmissionnerve impulses. Due to the formation of an alkaline medium, which is due to the pH shift towards the alkaline reaction, calcium does not participate in this process. It is this feature that causes the occurrence of problems with neuromuscular excitability.

It is possible to distinguish the latent and obvious form of the considered disease.

The latent or latent form has the following symptoms:

1. Children can be externally healthy or signs of rickets are less evident.
2. Bad sleep and constant fatigue can also be considered symptoms of the problem at hand.
3. Gradual increase in pain in the joints.

Bright, or manifest form appears as follows:

1. The attacks of eclampsia - rhythmic twitching, which proceeds with the loss of creation. Such an attack affects many muscles of the body. The most bright and painful simtom.
2. Laryngospasm. A similar symptom is a hoarse and sonorous breath, after which there is a breath hold for a few seconds. Often manifested during crying. With prolonged breathing, cyanosis occurs, and the skin turns pale. Because of this situation, the face will be frightened, eyes wide open, lack of oxygen often leads to fainting. The duration of the attack - 1-2 minutes, it can be repeated several times during the day.
3. If the child is more than one year old,carpopedal spasm. It is a spasm of muscles and hands. The spasm can last from several minutes to hours and even days. Due to circulatory disorders swelling may occur.

Some factors may exacerbate alkalosis and further aggravate the situation: infectious diseases, vomiting.

Rickets and hypervitaminosis D

Hypervitaminosis is manifested with an increase inblood concentrations of calcium salts, which are later deposited in the walls of blood vessels, heart and kidneys. That is why it is very dangerous and can lead to a significant deterioration in health. It is worth noting that an excess of vitamin D can occur even with prolonged exposure to sunlight, when special vitamin complexes are not accepted. This phenomenon is associated with individual hypersensitivity.

There are chronic and acute intoxication. Both cases may arise as a result of undergoing treatment in the first years of a child's life from rickets. After all, it is vitamin D that reduces the risk of developmental disorders of the skeleton, but mistakes made when prescribing treatment or not revealed hypersensitivity to vitamin can lead to:

1. Acute intoxication - occurs when intensetaking medication for a short time. In this case, there are bright signs of intoxication after a short period of time after the start of medication. An acute case immediately indicates a problem with an excess of vitamin D, a small amount of calcium salts is deposited, and the organs are less affected.
2. Chronic intoxication - a case where the receptionthe drug was administered for 8 months or more, while the doses were moderate. Chronic manifestations are accompanied by several other symptoms and often, when the child is not even a year old, the parents are not aware of intoxication.

The second case can lead to very serious consequences, however, like the first, if you do not pay attention to the problem in time.

Hypervitaminosis D: symptoms

Symptoms of an excess of vitamin D are the following:

1. Decreased appetite.
2. Constant thirst.
3. Vomiting.
4. Rapid weight loss with good nutrition.
5. There are constipation.
6. Dehydration occurs.
7. In some cases, there is loss of consciousness in children.
8. Convulsions.
9. Sleep disturbance.
10. Weakness.

It is worth noting that many of the symptoms are similar to signs of diseases that develop on the background of hypervitaminosis. Therefore, to diagnose should be a highly qualified doctor.

Causes of excess vitamin D

The causes of hypervitaminosis D are as follows:

1. Excess vitamin D, which is introduced into the body as part of vitamin preparations.
2. In some cases, there is excessivesensitivity to vitamin D. In this case, such a phenomenon can manifest itself in stressful situations, with prolonged exposure to the sun, if the diet was disturbed or the diet was changed.

Most often the disease develops in children.

Treatment

Most often, with an excess of vitamin D, the following treatment is prescribed:

1. Cancellation of drugs that have vitamin D.
2. Careful selection of consumed products.
3. Reception of vitamins A and E, hormonal preparations.
4. Intravenous fluid administration to eliminate dehydration.

Such measures can reduce the amount of vitamin in the body.

Forecast

The forecast is pretty serious: the development of chronic pyelonephritis, which leads to chronic renal failure. In addition, the work of the heart is deteriorating, there is a predisposition to cardiovascular diseases.

With any deterioration in health should not be neglected by the doctor. Be healthy!