Russia's Red Book is replenished again?
With the development of civilization, humanity beganThe attack on nature is so active that many species of plants and animals are endangered. Therefore, in the middle of the last century, at an international conference on the protection of nature, it was decided to urge countries to make special lists and to issue them with red covers, as a signal for alarm.
What is the Red Book?
Around the same years, the Red Book appearedRussia. Plants and animals listed in its first edition needed urgent protection measures and special work to save their habitats at the federal level. In the 90-ies of the last century similar books of regions and territories of Russia began to be created. Thus, each region has the opportunity to monitor the conservation of natural diversity in its territory.
Now in the world more than 20 thousand species of animals, birdsand plants are on the verge of extinction. In the International Red Book, more than 25% of existing mammals, about 50% of amphibians, more than 13% of birds and more than 33% of corals are mentioned.
The Red Book of Russia is published at least once every 10 years. Between publications by the State Ecological Committee, work is under way to update the lists, which then become an integral part of the next edition.
This is not just a list
The Red Book of Russia is not just an illustratedA publication in which rare and endangered species are described. It can be called a program of activities to restore populations, because it collected many years of experience and specific facts accumulated by scientists-zoologists, game experts and just connoisseurs of nature.
Rich scientific information, description of risks anda lot of advice on the preservation of nature - all this is the Red Book of Russia. Photos and illustrations help to better study the nature of the native land and, if possible, help to save it. This is the main mission of the publication - in the rescue of endangered species of plants and animals and the restoration of rare species. History shows that this is possible when government agencies, interested public organizations, various specialists, as well as enthusiastic amateurs unite their efforts.
Who compiles and conducts this publication?
The Red Book of Russia is the fruit of manyorganizations, various commissions, laboratories and scientists. After all, to authoritatively say that a plant or animal is on the verge of extinction, it is necessary to conduct a large amount of research. At the very beginning, more than 100 institutions and organizations, including the Russian Academy of Sciences, state institutions, scientists from reserves and protected areas and universities, were involved in its compilation.
Now there is a paper and electronic Red BookRussia. Animals and plants from the risk groups are presented in more detail - in the electronic version there is a lot of additional information and thematic contextual links, through which you can go to the databases of reserves and to other interesting sites.
Plants and animals are candidates for book lists
The Red Book of Russia includes 6 sections on the degree of threat of extinction of the species:
No. 0 - probably disappeared;
No. 1 - under the threat of extinction;
No. 2 - declining in numbers;
No. 3 - rare;
No. 4 - uncertain status;
No. 5 - recoverable and recoverable.
For ease of perception, information on sections should be placed in a tabular form
Red Book of Russia - categories of objects
| No. | Category | Category value |
| 0 | Probably missing | Species that have not been met by researchers in the past 50-100 years. |
| 1 | Endangered | Species whose numbers have shrunk to near a critical level, from which it simply can not recover unless urgent action is taken. |
| 2 | Reducing in numbers | Those species that in recent years have a persistent tendency to reduce the population and very soon can move into the category of "endangered." |
| 3 | Rare | Species with a small number that are in a limited area or occur in large areas, but in very small groups. |
| 4 | Uncertain status | These species either do not fit the criteria of the other categories, or there is insufficient scientific information on them. However, they still need special protection measures. |
| 5 | Recoverable and recoverable | Types that are by number and territoryspread due to measures taken or for natural reasons have reached a level where they do not already need urgent measures to preserve and restore the population. |
Risk Factors for the Living World
What to do, so that the whole flora and fauna of Russia is not included in the lists under the red cover?
International environmental organizations seeto reduce the risks of global warming, reduce CO2 emissions, prevent accidents with oil spills, minimize emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere by industrial enterprises and megacities, combat poaching and use of protected areas for other purposes. Then in a few decades you can make all the Red Books museum exhibits.
In the meantime, in order to fill at least part of the population of rare species, according to environmentalists, we need almost half a billion dollars, and lists of endangered plants and animals are still growing.
